Alkyl xanthate propionitrile ester is also a derivative of xanthate, which has the following structural formula:
S
/
ROC—S—CH 2 CH 2 CN
Wherein R is an alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and includes n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, hexyl group, and octyl group. When R = n-butyl, it is called n-butyl xanthate propionitrile ester, according to the nomenclature of China's mineral processing agent, it is called yellow nitrile ester (OSN-43).
1. Synthesis of alkyl xanthogen propionitrile ester [30. 31] alkyl xanthogen propionitrile ester can be obtained by reacting the corresponding xanthate with β-halopropionitrile or acrylonitrile.
S S
/ /
ROC—SNa+XCH 2 CH 2 CN —→ ROC—SCH 2 CH 2 CN+NaX
S S
/ H 2 O /
ROC—SNa+CH 2 = CHCN —→ ROC—SCH 2 CH 2 CN+NaOH
The reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as water, acetone or tetrahydrofuran. For example, 44.7 g of β-chloropropionitrile, CHCH 2 CH 2 CN, is placed in an aqueous solution containing 79 g of sodium isopropyl sulphate and stirred at room temperature. After standing overnight, the oily insoluble matter was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted once with carbon tetrachloride, and the extract was combined and extracted into an oil. The oil was treated with activated carbon, and the volatile matter was removed by filtration at 80 ° C / 1 mmHg to obtain 74.6 g of a different amount. The propyl xanthogen nitrile ester is a yellow oily substance. Other alkyl lanthanide propionitrile esters can be prepared in a similar manner.
Acrylic nitrile can also be used instead of β-halopropionitrile and the corresponding xanthate to prepare alkyl nitrile ester, for example, using 28.6 g of acrylonitrile, adding 79 g of isopropyl sodium xanthate solution, according to the above process reaction The product was obtained in 25.9 g and the purity was not high.
If carbon dioxide is introduced into the reaction mixture during the reaction to neutralize the alkali formed by the reaction, the yield can be increased to 70%. For example, if hydrochloric acid is used instead of carbon dioxide, and the pH is maintained at 8.0 to 9.5, the yield can be increased to 74%.
COLLECTING 2. Such agents xanthan propionitrile alkyl esters are effective collectors of natural copper, gold, and copper, lead, zinc, iron, mercury, arsenic, antimony, molybdenum sulfide ore. In some cases, mixing with a water-soluble collector improves the sorting effect. The object is at low pH. When flotation of copper sulfide ore, it generally exceeds propylene pentoxide, but it is not as good as hydrocarbyl acid, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Test results of several chemical flotation copper sulfide ore Table 1
Ore and flotation conditions | Collector | Tailings containing copper |
Types of | Dosage (g / ton) |
Copper sulfide ore containing 0.68% Cu PH = 7.8 Polypropylene glycol 45 g / ton Floating for 4 minutes Copper sulfide containing 0.8% Cu PH = 7.7 Coal oil 15 g / t Cresol 40 g / ton Floating for 6 minutes | (1) Alkyl xanthogen acrylate: S / Propyl amyl phthalate C 5 H 11 OC-SCH 2 CH=CH 2 (2) alkyl xanthogen propionitrile ester: S / Isopropyl xanthogen propionitrile ester (CH 5 ) 2 CHOC-SCH 2 CH 2 CN S / Sec-butylxanthine propionitrile C 2 H 5 CHOC-SCH 2 CH 2 CN                         CH 3 S / Pentylxanthine propionitrile C 5 H 11 OC-SCH 2 CH 2 CN S / Ethyl xanthogen propionitrile ester C 2 H 5 CO-SCH 2 CH 2 CN (3) Alkyl xanthogen acrylonitrile ester: Isopropyl xanthogen acrylonitrile ester (cis) S / (CH 3 ) 2 CHOC—SCH = CHCN Isopropyl xanthogen acrylonitrile ester (trans) S / (CH 3 ) 2 CHOC—SCH = CHCN Isopropyl xanthogen acrylonitrile ester (cis) Ethyl valerate (cis) S / C 5 H 11 OCSCH = CHCN Ethyl xanthogen acrylonitrile ester (cis) S / C 2 H 5 OC—SCH = CHCN | 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 13.6 13.5 13.5 13.5 | 0.16 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.21 0.081 0.13 0.16 0.16 0.17 |
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